Given Onset

For string "A"

Not significant.

For string "C"

Not significant.

For string "E"

Not significant.

For string "R"

Not significant.

For string "U"

Not significant.

For string "V"

p = .027

d: o_e

does, done, dove

0.8 expected, 3 observed (p <= 0.01)

fr: o

from, front

0.2 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.001)

w: a

was, what

0.1 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.001)

w: o

once, won

0.4 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.01)

For string "W"

Not significant.

For string "Y"

Not significant.

For string "a"

Not significant.

For string "c"

Not significant.

For string "e"

Not significant.

For string "i"

Not significant.

For string "o"

Not significant.

For string "u"

Not significant.

For string "y"

Not significant.

Given Coda

For string "A"

p = .000

k: o

block, clock, doc, dock, knock, lock, rock

3.9 expected, 7 observed (p <= 0.025)

p: o

chop, drop, hop, mop, pop, shop, stop, top

4.5 expected, 8 observed (p <= 0.01)

r: a

bar, car, far, jar, star

2.5 expected, 5 observed (p <= 0.05)

rd: a

card, guard, hard, yard

1.7 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.025)

rk: a

bark, dark, mark, park

1.7 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.025)

rt: a

art, cart, part, smart, start

2.5 expected, 5 observed (p <= 0.05)

t: o

cot, dot, got, hot, lot, not, pot, shot, spot

5.0 expected, 9 observed (p <= 0.005)

For string "C"

Not significant.

For string "E"

p = .000

d: e

bed, fed, led, red, shed

8.2 expected, 5 observed (p <= 0.025)

d: ea

bread, dead, head, read, thread

1.1 expected, 5 observed (p <= 0.001)

r: a_e

care, scare, share

0.4 expected, 3 observed (p <= 0.001)

r: ai

air, chair, fair, hair, pair

0.8 expected, 5 observed (p <= 0.001)

r: e_e

there, where

0.3 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.001)

For string "R"

Not significant.

For string "U"

p = .001

S: u

bush, push

0.5 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.025)

d: oul

could, should, would

0.7 expected, 3 observed (p <= 0.001)

k: oo

book, brook, cook, hook, look, shook, took

3.5 expected, 7 observed (p <= 0.005)

l: u

bull, full, pull

1.1 expected, 3 observed (p <= 0.025)

For string "V"

p = .022

m: o_e

come, some

0.5 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.025)

v: o_e

dove, love

0.3 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.001)

For string "W"

p = .000

-: ow

cow, how, now, row

1.3 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.005)

n: ow

brown, clown, down, town

1.3 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.005)

For string "Y"

p = .000

-: i_e

die, lie, pie, tie

9.6 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.005)

-: y

by, cry, dry, fly, guy, my, sky, try, why

2.1 expected, 9 observed (p <= 0.001)

ld: i

child, wild

0.2 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.001)

nd: i

find, kind, mind, wind

0.4 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.001)

t: igh

bright, fight, light, might, night, right, sight, tight

1.7 expected, 8 observed (p <= 0.001)

For string "a"

p = .001

nt: a

ant, plant

2.9 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.01)

For string "c"

p = .000

-: aw

draw, paw, saw, straw

0.4 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.001)

G: o

long, song, strong, wrong

1.7 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.025)

k: al

talk, walk

0.1 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.001)

l: a

all, ball, call, fall, hall, small, tall, wall

1.4 expected, 8 observed (p <= 0.001)

r: o_e

more, shore, store, wore

1.1 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.005)

r: oo

door, floor

0.5 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.01)

t: ough

bought, brought, thought

0.2 expected, 3 observed (p <= 0.001)

For string "e"

p = .000

-: ay

clay, day, gray, jay, lay, may, pay, play, ray, say, stay, way

2.1 expected, 12 observed (p <= 0.001)

k: a_e

bake, cake, lake, make, rake, shake, snake, take, wake

5.8 expected, 9 observed (p <= 0.05)

l: a_e

sale, whale

5.2 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.025)

l: ai

jail, mail, nail, pail, sail, tail, trail

1.6 expected, 7 observed (p <= 0.001)

n: ai

main, pain, rain, train

1.0 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.001)

nD: a

change, strange

0.1 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.001)

s: a_e

base, case, chase, face, place, race, space

4.1 expected, 7 observed (p <= 0.025)

For string "i"

p = .001

-: e

be, he, me, she, the, we

1.2 expected, 6 observed (p <= 0.001)

-: ea

sea, tea

6.6 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.01)

T: ea

beach, each, reach, teach

1.9 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.05)

d: ee

feed, need, seed, speed, weed

2.3 expected, 5 observed (p <= 0.025)

p: ee

deep, keep, sheep, sleep

1.5 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.01)

For string "o"

p = .000

-: ough

dough, though

0.5 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.025)

-: ow

blow, crow, grow, know, low, row, show, slow, snow, throw

2.9 expected, 10 observed (p <= 0.001)

d: oa

road, toad

0.3 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.005)

k: o_e

broke, joke, smoke, spoke, woke

2.1 expected, 5 observed (p <= 0.01)

ld: o

cold, fold, gold, hold, old, sold, told

1.7 expected, 7 observed (p <= 0.001)

st: o

ghost, most

0.5 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.025)

t: oa

boat, coat, goat

0.6 expected, 3 observed (p <= 0.001)

v: o_e

dove, drove, stove

1.3 expected, 3 observed (p <= 0.05)

z: o_e

close, nose, rose, those

1.7 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.025)

For string "u"

p = .004

-: ew

blew, drew, few, flew, grew, knew, new, threw

3.8 expected, 8 observed (p <= 0.005)

-: o

do, to, two, who

1.9 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.05)

-: oo

too, zoo

6.7 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.005)

l: oo

cool, fool, pool, school

1.9 expected, 4 observed (p <= 0.05)

n: oo

moon, soon

0.6 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.05)

p: ou

group, soup

0.1 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.001)

t: ui

fruit, suit

0.1 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.001)

For string "y"

p = .000

r: ea

dear, ear, hear, near, tear, year

0.5 expected, 6 observed (p <= 0.001)

v: i_e

give, live

0.0 expected, 2 observed (p <= 0.001)